Low back pain-causes, treatment and prevention

If the lower back is injured, it may be caused by many reasons. One of the most harmless options is physical fatigue. In more severe cases, a hernia may occur, protruding or damaging bone instruments.To find out the cause of lower back pain, you need to have a physical examination. After diagnosis, appropriate treatment measures should be taken to relieve symptoms and eliminate the underlying cause of pain.

Why the lower back hurts: classification of pain

If there is severe lower back pain in any part of the spine, it may indicate some pathological changes. The doctor not only evaluates the nature and severity of the pain, but also evaluates other signs of problems that accompany the waist area. A complete collection of historical records is required.

The classification of pain syndromes is as follows:

1. Benign non-specific pain. In most cases, benign chronic or acute pain does not constitute a difficult diagnosis. These unpleasant symptoms are reversible in most cases. This unpleasant feeling is used to diagnose back disease. Before, the diagnosis sounded different-osteochondrosis. This is not a dangerous disease that occurs in every age group. It is characterized by sinking discs due to gravity and muscle weakness.
2. Nerve radiculopathy (neurological syndrome). This condition is related to the compression or stimulation of nerve roots in the interdiscal space. Such pain may indicate an inflammatory process, compression of the vertebrae of the intervertebral disc, herniation, and the occurrence of hernias. They greatly deteriorate the quality of life of patients, especially in the acute phase of any physical exercise.
3. Specific or shocking back pain. This discomfort alone is difficult to diagnose, so additional tests are usually required, which may include excluding cancer, tuberculosis, kidney disease or fractures, and injuries. Examples include fever with pyelonephritis, pregnant women, lower back pain, lower abdomen pain, and female reproductive system diseases. For men, urological symptoms should be ruled out.

The general classification of pain is divided into:

• Strong;
• spicy;
• Pain;
• Chronic;
• Moved.

Waist injury-cause

The lower back was severely injured by the manifestations of osteochondrosis. Unpleasant feelings almost always afflict the patient-while walking, sitting or even lying down. Due to exercise, the lower back will suffer more damage during the day. Exacerbated by coughing, sneezing, and weight-bearing. Rarely, the pain in the lower limbs spreads to the legs, and this sensation is manifested as paresthesias-numbness and foot movement.

If the patient has sciatica, the pain will radiate to the lower body-buttocks, pelvis, thighs or calves. Abnormal physical activity can increase discomfort, such as back pain. When such symptoms appear, it is necessary to consult a neurologist as soon as possible.

Pain in the waist and lower abdomenindicates bacterial lesions, usually accompanied by painful urination. In women, lower back pain is usually seen during pregnancy or menstruation. In the lower back, the pain is the result of cramps or pressure from the fetus on internal organs. In the lower back, left and right pain indicates kidney disease. It is necessary to confirm the diagnosis with the doctor. The most reliable diagnostic methods are X-ray and MRI.

The cause of women's low back pain is usually related to their menstrual period. Women's low back pain caused by uterine colic. In order to resist the painful period, you need to take NSAID or use hormone therapy. Less commonly, the state of ovulation syndrome is observed. In addition to lower back discomfort, one woman also observed alternating pain on the right or left side in the middle of the cycle. Why this still happens is still unclear.

During pregnancy, the lower back was injured due to the shift of the center of gravity and muscle weakness. The condition returned to normal after delivery. Unpleasant feelings are observed at all times. It is important to be able to distinguish when the back is injured by a load and when pathology occurs. If at any stage of pregnancy, in addition to back and lower abdomen pain, there are secretions such as menstruation, you need to consult a doctor urgently.

In men, pain radiating below and below the waist of the perineum indicates inflammation of the prostate. In addition to these symptoms, if a man’s body temperature rises and his health deteriorates, he needs to contact a therapist or urologist. Treat inflammation with antibiotics.

Acute lower back pain can occur in the following situations:

• Sprain or inflammation of the back muscles;
• Being in a pain-relieving position for a long time;
• If you suddenly lift a lot of heavy objects;
• Turn sharply on the side or body, hurt;
• Hypothermia or hypothermia.

What to do if you have an injury to your lower back: When this indicates that your body is damaged, you need to see a trauma doctor. Experts will prescribe medication in the acute phase to relieve the symptoms of discomfort. First, use the NSAID that has a systemic effect, and then switch to an external release form. It is useful to take vitamin preparations and inject neurotrophic drugs. During the recovery period, physical therapy, massage, and gymnastics should be performed.

Why are there unpleasant symptoms-low back pain caused by muscle fiber inflammation or myositis. This situation is unsatisfactory because the patient will feel stiffness below the waist and it is difficult to perform normal body movements. To temporarily relieve the condition, you need to take a hot bath and then wrap yourself in warm clothes. She often falls after a waist injury and hurts her back. It is also recommended to use warm ointment. If the condition does not improve after a few days, it is best to see a doctor.

Strained waist during spondylopathy. The patient often feels pain in the lower back, and over time, the legs will have problems. A loss of sensitivity and weakness is observed. If these symptoms are ignored, then deformed scoliosis is dangerous, because this disease takes a long time to develop. Other causes of back pain include ankylosing spondylitis, other diseases that radiate pain to the spine or cancer. You cannot tolerate such symptoms and you need to seek expert help immediately.

Sometimes patients suffer from "replacement pain", which he does not know. The patient's back feels uncomfortable, but this condition has nothing to do with the development of the spine. Radiation pain is related to problems with the pelvis, stomach or duodenum, and kidneys.

Under what circumstances do you need to contact an expert urgently:

1. The pain syndrome is very serious, and the discomfort will not disappear or even worsen after 2-3 days.
2. Feeling unpleasant after being injured or due to an accident. Falling behind or being hit.
3. Pain occurs in the lower back, calf, buttocks, and pelvis at the same time.
4. Loss of sensation in the limbs, pelvis, buttocks, thighs, legs, feet, and groin due to unpleasant sensations.

Only a doctor will find out the exact cause of back pain.

Methods and methods to relieve back pain

After diagnosis, choose the treatment method according to the patient's personal characteristics. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms of discomfort and prevent recurrence. Usually, conservative treatment is combined with the principles of physical therapy and rehabilitation. In advanced cases, surgical intervention may be required.

Medications

Drug use is the most extensive branch of back treatment. It can be prescribed from spinal drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or analgesics, antispasmodics, neurotrophic vitamins, and muscle relaxants. Each group of drugs will be discussed separately. These funds are used for symptomatic treatment-to reduce pain when the condition worsens. They have no effect on the underlying cause of the disease.

NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can complete multiple tasks at once during the symptomatic treatment of back pain. Due to the reversible inhibition of the synthesis of inflammatory mediators, these funds effectively alleviate and eliminate the inflammatory process. The systemic release form of tablets and injections is used for a short time in the acute phase to relieve severe pain syndrome.

If the patient does not tolerate muscle relaxants, antispasmodics can be used to treat the patient. The classic antispasmodic drugs are drotaverine hydrochloride or papaverine hydrochloride. Prescribe them to reduce the spasm of smooth muscles, which may result in radiating pain in the spine. Such funds are easier to tolerate than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but the effect is weaker.

Central muscle relaxants include tizanidine, tolperisone hydrochloride or baclofen. Although tizanidine is more effective and has fewer side effects, the most commonly prescribed treatment for muscle cramps is tolperisone hydrochloride. Balofen is a prescription drug for truly advanced cases. It is not a first-line drug because it has many side effects. The average treatment time for taking muscle relaxants is 1–1. 5 months. If the cramps do not disappear during this period, remove the medication.

Rehabilitation physiotherapy methods

In this branch of medicine, the following recovery methods are customarily used:

1. Electrophoresis. Under the action of electric current, the medicine is injected through the skin. Usually, injectable B vitamins, niacin, and chondroprotective agents are used. This is a long-term treatment for back pain, but it is effective and helpful during recovery. The electric current has good conductivity and can deliver the medicine locally to the place where the blood flow is disturbed. These drugs are effective for 15 hours.
2. Laser therapy is designed to relieve pain. With the help of point-tuned infrared radiation, the method aims to relieve pain, eliminate spasms, stimulate the regeneration process, improve microcirculation in the tissues, relax and enhance immunity. Laser therapy is particularly effective in treating osteochondrosis, hernia, and herniation.
3. Acupuncture is an ancient treatment method officially approved by the World Health Organization. The contraindication of this operation is pregnancy, not more than 1 year old and after 75 years old. With the help of acupuncture, various degrees of pain syndrome are eliminated. The essence of this method is to target the nerve endings in the affected area. The average course of treatment is 10 to 12 courses. Effectively and quickly eliminate pain in any part of the back-side, left or right side of the spine.
4. Physical therapy is one of the most popular rehabilitation methods for back pain. If there are no contraindications to the operation, the rehabilitation therapist will choose special exercises to restore the mobility of the spine, eliminate muscle pain, and strengthen the hypotonic muscle structure. By strengthening the muscles of the corset, the pain disappears.

also uses traditional medical methods, but studies have not yet proven their beneficial effects on health. Any method of self-administration should be discussed with a neurologist.

Prevent back pain

It is important to keep the spine healthy from an early age. In the early stages of body maturity, the body is densely formed-the limbs grow up, the position of the organs changes, and the bones grow. If you teach your child the correct posture and regular exercise since childhood, you can avoid many back problems in the future.

Teach children to do exercise therapy at home several times a week to achieve permanent results. In order to avoid errors in execution, you need to consult a well-rehabilitated person. Experts will tell you how to properly perform back exercises at home and choose a separate exercise system. When you are young, it is important not to over-exercise, but to compare the principles of moderate exercise with stretching exercises and thorough warm-up exercises.

Good habits to prevent back diseases in children and adults:

1. Prolonged and incorrect sitting in the workplace is full of scoliosis, moving left or right. You need to get up and perform stretching exercises every 15-20 minutes-tilt your neck back and tilt back, sideways will fatigue your muscles and improve blood flow.
2. It is important to avoid prolonged exposure to pain relief. The static overload of the ridge is full of pain.
3. Do not make sharp turns of your neck or back. If this operation is performed multiple times, it is likely to cause injury. In most cases, back injuries are caused by sudden abnormal pressure on the body.
4. Sit upright when working from home. When bending to the right or left in a sitting position, an incorrect load is applied to the muscles. The result is uneven muscle tension in various parts of the back, with alternating hypertonicity or hypotension.
5. It is necessary to rule out putting the left or right side of the bag on one shoulder. Another option is a backpack, which loads the shoulders evenly without bending from side to side.
6. At home, it is recommended to perform complex stretching exercises for tired muscles. After a whole day of work, the muscles lost their elasticity. Warm stretching exercises also benefit ligaments and joints. Light static loads are useful when the neck is bent to the side and front.

One of the best ways to prevent lower back discomfort is to go to the swimming pool. Swimming 1-2 times a week is enough to relax your back. If you have questions, experts recommend that you visit at least 3 times a week.